/*
  Leah Cortez Studio Art - Case Study Page Stylesheet
  ---
  This file contains the styles for case study pages, featuring a comprehensive
  layout that showcases design process, thinking, and outcomes.
*/

/* --------------------
   1. CASE STUDY PAGE FOUNDATION
   -------------------- */

.case-study-page {
  width: 100%;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

.section-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

/* --------------------
   2. HERO SECTION
   -------------------- */

.case-study-hero {
  padding: 6rem 0 4rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.05) 0%, rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05) 100%);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
}

.hero-content {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-headings);
  font-size: 3.5rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

.case-study-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary-accent) 0%, #8B1538 100%);
  color: var(--color-background);
  padding: 0.6rem 1.4rem;
  border-radius: 25px;
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.4), 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.3);
  position: relative;
  animation: badgePulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes badgePulse {
  0%, 100% {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.4), 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transform: scale(1);
  }
  50% {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.6), 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transform: scale(1.02);
  }
}

.hero-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  opacity: 0.9;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.project-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.meta-tag {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
}

.hero-image {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}

.hero-image img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 400px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.hero-image img:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* --------------------
   3. CASE STUDY SECTIONS
   -------------------- */

.case-study-section {
  padding: 5rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
}

.case-study-section:last-of-type {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.section-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.section-header h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-headings);
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.section-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.8;
  max-width: 600px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* --------------------
   4. OVERVIEW SECTION
   -------------------- */

.overview-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.overview-details {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.detail-item h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.detail-item p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.overview-impact {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05);
  padding: 2rem;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
}

.overview-impact h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.overview-impact p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
}

/* --------------------
   5. RESEARCH SECTION
   -------------------- */

.research-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.research-insights h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.research-insights ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
}

.research-insights li {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  position: relative;
}

.research-insights li::before {
  content: "→";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  font-weight: bold;
}

.research-insights strong {
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
}

/* Suggested Content Styling */
.suggested-content {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.08);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary-accent);
  border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
}

.suggested-content h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.suggested-content p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: #666;
  margin: 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* --------------------
   6. PROCESS SECTION
   -------------------- */

.process-steps {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.process-step {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.step-number {
  font-family: var(--font-headings);
  font-size: 3rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  opacity: 0.3;
  line-height: 1;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.step-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.step-content p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.step-images {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.step-images.horizontal {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.step-images.horizontal img {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  width: 320px;
  height: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.step-images img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 280px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.step-images img:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* For single images in conceptual development */
.step-images:has(img:only-child) {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  justify-items: center;
}

.step-images:has(img:only-child) img {
  max-width: 400px;
}

/* Phases grid layout for aligned steps */
.phases-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin-top: 3rem;
}

.phases-grid .process-step {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.phases-grid .step-images {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.phases-grid .step-images img {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

/* New layout for text with side image */
.step-text-image {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.step-side-image {
  width: 300px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.step-side-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  object-fit: cover;
}

.step-text h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.step-text p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Process Content with Side Image */
.process-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.process-image {
  position: sticky;
  top: 2rem;
}

.process-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.process-image .image-caption {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.7;
  margin-top: 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 968px) {
  .process-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
  }
  
  .process-image {
    position: static;
    order: -1;
  }
}

/* --------------------
   7. SOLUTION SECTION
   -------------------- */

.solution-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.solution-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.solution-details h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.solution-details h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.solution-details p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.solution-details ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
}

.solution-details li {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  position: relative;
}

.solution-details li::before {
  content: "✦";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
}

.solution-details strong {
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
}

/* --------------------
   8. RESULTS SECTION
   -------------------- */

.results-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
}

.results-outcomes h3,
.results-learning h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.results-learning h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.results-outcomes ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
}

.results-outcomes li {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  position: relative;
}

.results-outcomes li::before {
  content: "✓";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  font-weight: bold;
}

.results-learning p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.results-outcomes strong,
.results-learning strong {
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
}

/* --------------------
   9. IMAGE PLACEHOLDERS
   -------------------- */

.image-placeholder {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
  border: 2px dashed rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.3);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  min-height: 200px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.image-placeholder:hover {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.15);
  border-color: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.5);
}

.image-placeholder.small {
  min-height: 120px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.research-images .image-placeholder {
  min-height: 300px;
}

/* --------------------
   10. NAVIGATION
   -------------------- */

.case-study-navigation {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05);
  padding: 2rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
}

.nav-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.nav-link {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  font-size: 1rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  padding: 0.8rem 1.2rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  position: relative;
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05);
  border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.15);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  min-height: 44px;
}

.nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--color-background);
  background: var(--color-primary-accent);
  border-color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.3);
}

.nav-link.center {
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
  border: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
}

.nav-link.center:hover {
  background: var(--color-primary-accent);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.4);
}

.nav-link.prev::before {
  content: "◄";
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.nav-link.prev:hover::before {
  color: var(--color-background);
  transform: translateX(-3px);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.nav-link.next::after {
  content: "►";
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.nav-link.next:hover::after {
  color: var(--color-background);
  transform: translateX(3px);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

/* --------------------
   10. CHARACTER STUDY SECTION
   -------------------- */

.character-study-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.character-item {
  text-align: center;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.character-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.character-item img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 200px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.character-item img:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.character-item h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-accent);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.character-item {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* --------------------
   CHARACTER MODALS
   -------------------- */

.character-modal {
  display: none;
  position: fixed !important;
  z-index: 99999 !important;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.modal-content {
  background-color: var(--color-background);
  margin: 20vh auto 5vh !important;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
  border-radius: 12px;
  width: 90%;
  max-width: 900px;
  max-height: 65vh;
  box-shadow: 0 25px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  position: relative;
  animation: modalSlideIn 0.3s ease-out;
  overflow: hidden;
}

@keyframes modalSlideIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-50px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.modal-close {
  color: var(--color-text);
  float: right;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute !important;
  top: 1rem !important;
  right: 1.5rem !important;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
  z-index: 99999 !important;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  line-height: 1;
}

.modal-close:hover,
.modal-close:focus {
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
}

.modal-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 350px 1fr;
  min-height: 500px;
  max-height: 65vh;
}

.modal-image {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1) 0%, rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.1) 100%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 2rem;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
}

.modal-image img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 280px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.modal-image img:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

.modal-details {
  padding: 2rem;
  overflow-y: auto;
  max-height: calc(65vh - 4rem);
}

.modal-details h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-headings);
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
  padding-right: 3rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.modal-content ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.modal-content li {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  line-height: 1.6;
  padding: 0.8rem 1.2rem;
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary-accent);
  border-radius: 4px;
  position: relative;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.modal-content li:hover {
  background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
  transform: translateX(5px);
}

.modal-content li strong {
  color: var(--color-primary-accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.modal-content li em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--color-text);
  opacity: 0.8;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  background: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.1);
  border-radius: 4px;
}

/* --------------------
   11. RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   -------------------- */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .section-container {
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }

  .case-study-hero {
    padding: 4rem 0 3rem;
  }

  .hero-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }
  
  .hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }
  
  .case-study-badge {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.4), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
  
  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .project-meta {
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

  .meta-tag {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
  }

  .hero-image img {
    max-width: 100%;
    border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .case-study-section {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
  }
  
  .section-header {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
  }
  
  .section-header h2 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
  }

  .section-subtitle {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }
  
  .overview-grid,
  .research-content,
  .solution-content,
  .results-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
  }
  
  .overview-details {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .detail-item h4,
  .overview-impact h4,
  .research-insights h3,
  .step-content h3,
  .solution-details h3,
  .results-outcomes h3,
  .results-learning h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .detail-item p,
  .overview-impact p,
  .research-insights li,
  .step-content p,
  .solution-details p,
  .results-learning p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }

  .overview-impact {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
  }
  
  .process-step {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }
  
  .step-number {
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-top: 0;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .step-images {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

  .step-images.horizontal {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .step-images.horizontal img {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 300px;
  }

  .step-images img {
    max-width: 100%;
    border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .step-images:has(img:only-child) img {
    max-width: 300px;
  }

  .phases-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
  }

  .phases-grid .process-step {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .phases-grid .step-images img {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
  }

  .step-text-image {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .step-side-image {
    width: 100%;
    order: -1;
  }

  .process-image .image-caption {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.8rem;
  }
  
  .nav-container {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }
  
  .nav-link {
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 300px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .nav-link.prev::before {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
  }

  .nav-link.next::after {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
  }
  
  .character-study-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
  }
  
  .character-item {
    aspect-ratio: 3/4;
    height: auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.05);
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
  }
  
  .character-item img {
    width: 80%;
    max-width: none;
    height: auto;
    aspect-ratio: 1/1;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 8px;
  }

  .card-front h4 {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: 0.8rem 0.4rem;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
  }
  
  /* COMPLETE MOBILE MODAL MAKEOVER */
  .character-modal {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100dvh;
    z-index: 10000;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
  
  .modal-content {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    max-width: 400px;
    max-height: 85vh;
    max-height: 85dvh;
    margin: 0;
    border-radius: 16px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--color-background);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.15);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .modal-layout {
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  .modal-image {
    flex: 0 0 40%;
    width: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.12) 0%, rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.12) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.15);
    position: relative;
    min-height: 160px;
  }
  
  .modal-image img {
    max-width: 85%;
    max-height: 85%;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  }
  
  .modal-details {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 1rem;
    overflow-y: auto;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    background: var(--color-background);
    min-height: 0;
  }
  
  .modal-details::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .modal-details h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--color-primary-accent);
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    padding-right: 2.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.25);
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-family: var(--font-headings);
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .modal-content ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.7rem;
  }
  
  .modal-content li {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.08);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary-accent);
    border-radius: 6px;
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  }
  
  .modal-content li strong {
    color: var(--color-primary-accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }
  
  .modal-content li em {
    display: block;
    font-style: italic;
    color: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.85);
    background: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.1);
    padding: 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-top: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }
  
  .modal-close {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.8rem;
    right: 0.8rem;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 10001;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
    touch-action: manipulation;
  }
  
  .modal-close:hover,
  .modal-close:active {
    background: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.9);
    transform: scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.7);
    border-color: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.4);
  }
}

/* Extra small screens (phones in portrait) */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .section-container {
    padding: 0 0.8rem;
  }

  .case-study-hero {
    padding: 3rem 0 2rem;
  }

  .hero-content {
    padding: 0 0.8rem;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

  .case-study-badge {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    padding: 0.4rem 1rem;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
  }

  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
  }

  .meta-tag {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.7rem;
  }

  .case-study-section {
    padding: 2rem 0;
  }

  .section-header {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  }

  .section-header h2 {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  }

  .section-subtitle {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }

  .overview-grid,
  .research-content,
  .solution-content,
  .results-content {
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .overview-impact {
    padding: 1.2rem;
  }

  .detail-item h4,
  .overview-impact h4,
  .research-insights h3,
  .step-content h3,
  .solution-details h3,
  .results-outcomes h3,
  .results-learning h3 {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
  }

  .detail-item p,
  .overview-impact p,
  .research-insights li,
  .step-content p,
  .solution-details p,
  .results-learning p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .process-step {
    gap: 0.8rem;
  }

  .step-number {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }

  .step-images {
    margin-top: 0.8rem;
  }

  .step-images.horizontal {
    gap: 0.8rem;
  }

  .step-images.horizontal img {
    max-width: 280px;
  }

  .step-images:has(img:only-child) img {
    max-width: 280px;
  }

  .phases-grid {
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
  }

  .phases-grid .step-images img {
    width: 130px;
    height: 130px;
  }

  .step-text-image {
    gap: 1.2rem;
  }

  .nav-container {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.8rem;
    padding: 0 0.8rem;
  }

  .nav-link {
    padding: 0.8rem 0;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
  }

  .character-study-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0.8rem;
  }

  .character-item {
    aspect-ratio: 3/4;
    height: auto;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.06);
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.12);
  }

  .character-item img {
    width: 85%;
    max-width: none;
    aspect-ratio: 1/1;
    object-fit: cover;
  }

  .card-front h4 {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 0.3rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

  /* COMPLETE SMALL MOBILE MODAL MAKEOVER */
  .character-modal {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100dvh;
    z-index: 10000;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.96);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
  
  .modal-content {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    max-width: 360px;
    max-height: 88vh;
    max-height: 88dvh;
    margin: 0;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--color-background);
    box-shadow: 0 25px 80px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
    border: 1px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.12);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .modal-layout {
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  .modal-image {
    flex: 0 0 35%;
    width: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.15) 0%, rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.15) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.2);
    position: relative;
    min-height: 140px;
  }
  
  .modal-image img {
    max-width: 80%;
    max-height: 80%;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  }
  
  .modal-details {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 0.9rem 0.8rem;
    overflow-y: auto;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    background: var(--color-background);
    min-height: 0;
  }
  
  .modal-details::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .modal-details h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--color-primary-accent);
    margin: 0 0 0.8rem 0;
    padding-right: 2.2rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.3);
    padding-bottom: 0.4rem;
    font-family: var(--font-headings);
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .modal-content ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.6rem;
  }
  
  .modal-content li {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    padding: 0.7rem;
    background: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.1);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary-accent);
    border-radius: 5px;
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  }
  
  .modal-content li strong {
    color: var(--color-primary-accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
  
  .modal-content li em {
    display: block;
    font-style: italic;
    color: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.9);
    background: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.12);
    padding: 0.4rem;
    border-radius: 3px;
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }
  
  .modal-close {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.6rem;
    right: 0.6rem;
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 10001;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
    touch-action: manipulation;
  }
  
  .modal-close:hover,
  .modal-close:active {
    background: rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.95);
    transform: scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 18px rgba(126, 28, 46, 0.8);
    border-color: rgba(248, 200, 208, 0.5);
  }
  
  /* Touch-friendly improvements */
  .character-item {
    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
  }

  .nav-link,
  .modal-close {
    min-height: 44px; /* Apple's recommended minimum touch target */
  }

  /* Better spacing for mobile reading */
  .research-insights ul {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

  .research-insights li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    padding-left: 1.2rem;
  }

  .solution-details ul {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

  .solution-details li {
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
    padding-left: 1.2rem;
  }

  .results-outcomes ul {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

  .results-outcomes li {
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    padding-left: 1.2rem;
  }
}

/* --------------------
   CARD FLIP ANIMATION
   -------------------- */

.character-item {
  perspective: 1000px;
  cursor: pointer;
  height: 300px; /* Fixed height to prevent layout shifts */
}

.card-flip-container {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  text-align: center;
  transition: transform 2s ease-in-out;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  will-change: transform; /* Optimize for animation */
}

/* Toggle flip on hover - first hover flips to back, second hover flips to front */
.character-study .character-item.flip-toggled .card-flip-container {
  transform: rotateY(180deg) !important;
}

/* Make sure the card fronts and backs are properly positioned */
.character-item .card-front {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
  z-index: 2;
}

.character-item .card-back {
  transform: rotateY(180deg);
  z-index: 1;
}

/* When flipped, show the back */
.character-item.flip-toggled .card-front {
  transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

.character-item.flip-toggled .card-back {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
}

.card-front,
.card-back {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  backface-visibility: hidden;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
  transform-origin: center center;
}

.card-front {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
  z-index: 2;
}

.card-back {
  transform: rotateY(180deg);
  z-index: 1;
}

.card-front img,
.card-back img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 12px;
}

.card-front h4 {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), transparent);
  color: white;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 1rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.character-item:hover .card-front,
.character-item:hover .card-back {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.character-item .card-front {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
}

.character-item .card-back {
  transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

/* When flip is toggled, show back side */
.character-item.flip-toggled .card-front {
  transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

.character-item.flip-toggled .card-back {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
}

/* Modal animations */
.character-modal {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease, visibility 0.4s ease;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}

.character-modal.show {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.character-modal .modal-content {
  transform: scale(0.7) translateY(50px);
  transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.character-modal.show .modal-content {
  transform: scale(1) translateY(0);
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .character-item {
    height: 250px;
  }
  
  .card-front h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    padding: 0.8rem;
  }
  
  /* On mobile, use touch for flip since hover doesn't work well */
  .character-item:active .card-flip-container {
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
  }
}